 Most people only think of middle-aged adults or the elderly as
being affected by heart disease. Children are usually thought of as having
healthy hearts. Yet, eight out of every 1,000 babies born in the US are born
with a congenital heart abnormality. Nearly one million people living in the US
were born with a congenital heart defect.
Risk factors that contribute to coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular
diseases (such as smoking, lack of exercise, and high cholesterol levels) often
begin at an early age. About 4.5 million children, ages 12 to 17, are already
smokers. Nearly half of children ages 12 to 21 do not exercise on a daily basis,
and an estimated 8.8 million (about 30 percent) US children ages six to 19 are
obese.
Some heart problems experienced by children, such as most cases of congenital
(present at birth) heart defects, can be treated medically or surgically, but
cannot be prevented.
However, heart-healthy living habits started at an early age - sensible eating,
keeping cholesterol levels low, getting regular exercise, refraining from
smoking, and maintaining a healthy weight - greatly diminish the risks of other
cardiovascular problems such as stroke, high blood pressure, and coronary artery
disease developing in adulthood. |